diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 8dbf67ae..9018f249 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -67,9 +67,12 @@ COPY --from=frontend-builder --chown=nodejs:nodejs /app/frontend/public ./fronte
 COPY --from=frontend-builder --chown=nodejs:nodejs /app/frontend/next.config.mjs ./frontend/next.config.mjs
 
 # 백엔드 디렉토리 생성 (업로드, 로그, 데이터)
-RUN mkdir -p /app/backend/uploads /app/backend/logs /app/backend/data && \
-    chown -R nodejs:nodejs /app/backend/uploads /app/backend/logs /app/backend/data && \
-    chmod -R 755 /app/backend
+# /app/uploads 경로는 백엔드 코드에서 사용 (mailTemplateFileService 등)
+RUN mkdir -p /app/backend/uploads /app/backend/logs /app/backend/data \
+             /app/uploads/mail-templates /app/uploads/mail-accounts && \
+    chown -R nodejs:nodejs /app/backend/uploads /app/backend/logs /app/backend/data \
+                           /app/uploads && \
+    chmod -R 755 /app/backend /app/uploads
 
 # 프론트엔드 standalone 모드를 위한 디렉토리 생성
 RUN mkdir -p /app/frontend/data && \