diff --git a/frontend/components/report/designer/CanvasComponent.tsx b/frontend/components/report/designer/CanvasComponent.tsx
index b6a16839..cf58991c 100644
--- a/frontend/components/report/designer/CanvasComponent.tsx
+++ b/frontend/components/report/designer/CanvasComponent.tsx
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ export function CanvasComponent({ component }: CanvasComponentProps) {
 
   const isSelected = selectedComponentId === component.id;
   const isMultiSelected = selectedComponentIds.includes(component.id);
+  const isLocked = component.locked === true;
 
   // 드래그 시작
   const handleMouseDown = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
@@ -34,6 +35,15 @@ export function CanvasComponent({ component }: CanvasComponentProps) {
       return;
     }
 
+    // 잠긴 컴포넌트는 드래그 불가
+    if (isLocked) {
+      e.stopPropagation();
+      // Ctrl/Cmd 키 감지 (다중 선택)
+      const isMultiSelect = e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey;
+      selectComponent(component.id, isMultiSelect);
+      return;
+    }
+
     e.stopPropagation();
 
     // Ctrl/Cmd 키 감지 (다중 선택)
@@ -49,6 +59,12 @@ export function CanvasComponent({ component }: CanvasComponentProps) {
 
   // 리사이즈 시작
   const handleResizeStart = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+    // 잠긴 컴포넌트는 리사이즈 불가
+    if (isLocked) {
+      e.stopPropagation();
+      return;
+    }
+
     e.stopPropagation();
     setIsResizing(true);
     setResizeStart({
@@ -277,8 +293,16 @@ export function CanvasComponent({ component }: CanvasComponentProps) {
   return (
     <div
       ref={componentRef}
-      className={`absolute cursor-move p-2 shadow-sm ${
-        isSelected ? "ring-2 ring-blue-500" : isMultiSelected ? "ring-2 ring-blue-300" : ""
+      className={`absolute p-2 shadow-sm ${isLocked ? "cursor-not-allowed opacity-80" : "cursor-move"} ${
+        isSelected
+          ? isLocked
+            ? "ring-2 ring-red-500"
+            : "ring-2 ring-blue-500"
+          : isMultiSelected
+            ? isLocked
+              ? "ring-2 ring-red-300"
+              : "ring-2 ring-blue-300"
+            : ""
       }`}
       style={{
         left: `${component.x}px`,
@@ -295,8 +319,13 @@ export function CanvasComponent({ component }: CanvasComponentProps) {
     >
       {renderContent()}
 
-      {/* 리사이즈 핸들 (선택된 경우만) */}
-      {isSelected && (
+      {/* 잠금 표시 */}
+      {isLocked && (
+        <div className="absolute top-1 right-1 rounded bg-red-500 px-1 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-white">🔒</div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* 리사이즈 핸들 (선택된 경우만, 잠금 안 된 경우만) */}
+      {isSelected && !isLocked && (
         <div
           className="resize-handle absolute right-0 bottom-0 h-3 w-3 cursor-se-resize rounded-full bg-blue-500"
           style={{ transform: "translate(50%, 50%)" }}
diff --git a/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerCanvas.tsx b/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerCanvas.tsx
index 3c148dbe..21b1335d 100644
--- a/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerCanvas.tsx
+++ b/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerCanvas.tsx
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@ export function ReportDesignerCanvas() {
         const idsToMove =
           selectedComponentIds.length > 0 ? selectedComponentIds : ([selectedComponentId].filter(Boolean) as string[]);
 
-        // 각 컴포넌트 이동
+        // 각 컴포넌트 이동 (잠긴 컴포넌트는 제외)
         idsToMove.forEach((id) => {
           const component = components.find((c) => c.id === id);
-          if (!component) return;
+          if (!component || component.locked) return;
 
           let newX = component.x;
           let newY = component.y;
@@ -132,12 +132,20 @@ export function ReportDesignerCanvas() {
         return;
       }
 
-      // Delete 키: 삭제
+      // Delete 키: 삭제 (잠긴 컴포넌트는 제외)
       if (e.key === "Delete") {
         if (selectedComponentIds.length > 0) {
-          selectedComponentIds.forEach((id) => removeComponent(id));
+          selectedComponentIds.forEach((id) => {
+            const component = components.find((c) => c.id === id);
+            if (component && !component.locked) {
+              removeComponent(id);
+            }
+          });
         } else if (selectedComponentId) {
-          removeComponent(selectedComponentId);
+          const component = components.find((c) => c.id === selectedComponentId);
+          if (component && !component.locked) {
+            removeComponent(selectedComponentId);
+          }
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerToolbar.tsx b/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerToolbar.tsx
index f1dcde6f..3b637011 100644
--- a/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerToolbar.tsx
+++ b/frontend/components/report/designer/ReportDesignerToolbar.tsx
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ import {
   ChevronsDown,
   ChevronsUp,
   ChevronUp,
+  Lock,
+  Unlock,
 } from "lucide-react";
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation";
 import { useReportDesigner } from "@/contexts/ReportDesignerContext";
@@ -78,6 +80,9 @@ export function ReportDesignerToolbar() {
     sendToBack,
     bringForward,
     sendBackward,
+    toggleLock,
+    lockComponents,
+    unlockComponents,
   } = useReportDesigner();
   const [showPreview, setShowPreview] = useState(false);
   const [showSaveAsTemplate, setShowSaveAsTemplate] = useState(false);
@@ -357,6 +362,37 @@ export function ReportDesignerToolbar() {
             </DropdownMenuContent>
           </DropdownMenu>
 
+          {/* 잠금 드롭다운 */}
+          <DropdownMenu>
+            <DropdownMenuTrigger asChild>
+              <Button
+                variant="outline"
+                size="sm"
+                disabled={!hasSelection}
+                className="gap-2"
+                title="컴포넌트 잠금/해제 (1개 이상 선택 필요)"
+              >
+                <Lock className="h-4 w-4" />
+                잠금
+              </Button>
+            </DropdownMenuTrigger>
+            <DropdownMenuContent align="end">
+              <DropdownMenuItem onClick={toggleLock}>
+                <Lock className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
+                토글 (잠금/해제)
+              </DropdownMenuItem>
+              <DropdownMenuSeparator />
+              <DropdownMenuItem onClick={lockComponents}>
+                <Lock className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
+                잠금 설정
+              </DropdownMenuItem>
+              <DropdownMenuItem onClick={unlockComponents}>
+                <Unlock className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
+                잠금 해제
+              </DropdownMenuItem>
+            </DropdownMenuContent>
+          </DropdownMenu>
+
           <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={handleReset} className="gap-2">
             <RotateCcw className="h-4 w-4" />
             초기화
diff --git a/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx b/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx
index 8bee20d6..b5eb2972 100644
--- a/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx
+++ b/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx
@@ -351,6 +351,11 @@ interface ReportDesignerContextType {
   sendToBack: () => void;
   bringForward: () => void;
   sendBackward: () => void;
+
+  // 잠금 관리
+  toggleLock: () => void;
+  lockComponents: () => void;
+  unlockComponents: () => void;
 }
 
 const ReportDesignerContext = createContext<ReportDesignerContextType | undefined>(undefined);
@@ -856,6 +861,65 @@ export function ReportDesignerProvider({ reportId, children }: { reportId: strin
     toast({ title: "레이어 변경", description: "한 단계 뒤로 이동했습니다." });
   }, [selectedComponentId, selectedComponentIds, toast]);
 
+  // 잠금 관리 함수들
+  const toggleLock = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!selectedComponentId && selectedComponentIds.length === 0) return;
+
+    const idsToUpdate =
+      selectedComponentIds.length > 0 ? selectedComponentIds : ([selectedComponentId].filter(Boolean) as string[]);
+
+    setComponents((prev) =>
+      prev.map((c) => {
+        if (idsToUpdate.includes(c.id)) {
+          return { ...c, locked: !c.locked };
+        }
+        return c;
+      }),
+    );
+
+    const isLocking = components.find((c) => idsToUpdate.includes(c.id))?.locked === false;
+    toast({
+      title: isLocking ? "잠금 설정" : "잠금 해제",
+      description: isLocking ? "선택된 컴포넌트가 잠겼습니다." : "선택된 컴포넌트의 잠금이 해제되었습니다.",
+    });
+  }, [selectedComponentId, selectedComponentIds, components, toast]);
+
+  const lockComponents = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!selectedComponentId && selectedComponentIds.length === 0) return;
+
+    const idsToUpdate =
+      selectedComponentIds.length > 0 ? selectedComponentIds : ([selectedComponentId].filter(Boolean) as string[]);
+
+    setComponents((prev) =>
+      prev.map((c) => {
+        if (idsToUpdate.includes(c.id)) {
+          return { ...c, locked: true };
+        }
+        return c;
+      }),
+    );
+
+    toast({ title: "잠금 설정", description: "선택된 컴포넌트가 잠겼습니다." });
+  }, [selectedComponentId, selectedComponentIds, toast]);
+
+  const unlockComponents = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!selectedComponentId && selectedComponentIds.length === 0) return;
+
+    const idsToUpdate =
+      selectedComponentIds.length > 0 ? selectedComponentIds : ([selectedComponentId].filter(Boolean) as string[]);
+
+    setComponents((prev) =>
+      prev.map((c) => {
+        if (idsToUpdate.includes(c.id)) {
+          return { ...c, locked: false };
+        }
+        return c;
+      }),
+    );
+
+    toast({ title: "잠금 해제", description: "선택된 컴포넌트의 잠금이 해제되었습니다." });
+  }, [selectedComponentId, selectedComponentIds, toast]);
+
   // 캔버스 설정 (기본값)
   const [canvasWidth, setCanvasWidth] = useState(210);
   const [canvasHeight, setCanvasHeight] = useState(297);
@@ -1272,6 +1336,10 @@ export function ReportDesignerProvider({ reportId, children }: { reportId: strin
     sendToBack,
     bringForward,
     sendBackward,
+    // 잠금 관리
+    toggleLock,
+    lockComponents,
+    unlockComponents,
   };
 
   return <ReportDesignerContext.Provider value={value}>{children}</ReportDesignerContext.Provider>;
diff --git a/frontend/types/report.ts b/frontend/types/report.ts
index 29cf46d0..39d5b8a7 100644
--- a/frontend/types/report.ts
+++ b/frontend/types/report.ts
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ export interface ComponentConfig {
   visible?: boolean;
   printable?: boolean;
   conditional?: string;
+  locked?: boolean; // 잠금 여부 (편집/이동/삭제 방지)
 }
 
 // 리포트 상세