diff --git a/backend-node/src/controllers/entitySearchController.ts b/backend-node/src/controllers/entitySearchController.ts
index 2b944e2b..5046d8bb 100644
--- a/backend-node/src/controllers/entitySearchController.ts
+++ b/backend-node/src/controllers/entitySearchController.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,15 @@ export async function searchEntity(req: Request, res: Response) {
       limit = "20",
     } = req.query;
 
+    // tableName 유효성 검증
+    if (!tableName || tableName === "undefined" || tableName === "null") {
+      logger.warn("엔티티 검색 실패: 테이블명이 없음", { tableName });
+      return res.status(400).json({
+        success: false,
+        message: "테이블명이 지정되지 않았습니다. 컴포넌트 설정에서 sourceTable을 확인해주세요.",
+      });
+    }
+
     // 멀티테넌시
     const companyCode = req.user!.companyCode;
 
diff --git a/frontend/lib/registry/components/entity-search-input/useEntitySearch.ts b/frontend/lib/registry/components/entity-search-input/useEntitySearch.ts
index 04428a55..1fac26d6 100644
--- a/frontend/lib/registry/components/entity-search-input/useEntitySearch.ts
+++ b/frontend/lib/registry/components/entity-search-input/useEntitySearch.ts
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@ export function useEntitySearch({
 
   const search = useCallback(
     async (text: string, page: number = 1) => {
+      // tableName 유효성 검증
+      if (!tableName || tableName === "undefined" || tableName === "null") {
+        console.warn("엔티티 검색 건너뜀: tableName이 없음", { tableName });
+        setError("테이블명이 설정되지 않았습니다. 컴포넌트 설정을 확인해주세요.");
+        return;
+      }
+
       try {
         setLoading(true);
         setError(null);
@@ -60,7 +67,8 @@ export function useEntitySearch({
         }
       } catch (err: any) {
         console.error("Entity search error:", err);
-        setError(err.response?.data?.message || "검색 중 오류가 발생했습니다");
+        const errorMessage = err.response?.data?.message || "검색 중 오류가 발생했습니다";
+        setError(errorMessage);
       } finally {
         setLoading(false);
       }