diff --git a/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx b/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx
index 7d0af59a..95eb564a 100644
--- a/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx
+++ b/frontend/contexts/ReportDesignerContext.tsx
@@ -783,7 +783,8 @@ export function ReportDesignerProvider({ reportId, children }: { reportId: strin
     setComponents((prev) =>
       prev.map((c) => {
         if (idsToUpdate.includes(c.id)) {
-          return { ...c, zIndex: minZIndex - 1 };
+          // zIndex는 최소 1로 제한 (0이면 캔버스 배경 뒤로 가버림)
+          return { ...c, zIndex: Math.max(1, minZIndex - 1) };
         }
         return c;
       }),
@@ -821,11 +822,12 @@ export function ReportDesignerProvider({ reportId, children }: { reportId: strin
 
     setComponents((prev) => {
       const sorted = [...prev].sort((a, b) => a.zIndex - b.zIndex);
-      const updated = sorted.map((c, index) => ({ ...c, zIndex: index }));
+      const updated = sorted.map((c, index) => ({ ...c, zIndex: index + 1 }));
 
       return updated.map((c) => {
         if (idsToUpdate.includes(c.id)) {
-          return { ...c, zIndex: Math.max(c.zIndex - 1, 0) };
+          // zIndex는 최소 1로 제한
+          return { ...c, zIndex: Math.max(c.zIndex - 1, 1) };
         }
         return c;
       });